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How to Know Dry Eye Disease (DED) ?

Dry Eye Disease 

(DED), sometimes referred to as keratoconjunctivitis sicca or dry eye syndrome, is a common disorder marked by a persistent deficiency of moisture and lubrication on the surface of the eye. Tears are necessary for both preserving the condition of the cornea and enabling clear eyesight. Dry eye symptoms can arise from inadequate tear production or from tears evaporating too quickly from the eye's surface.

Symptoms of dry eye disease can vary in severity and may include:

Dryness: The eyes' feeling of being parched or gritty.

Redness: Bloodshot or crimson eyes are possible.

Irritation: The eyes may experience burning, itching, or irritation.

Sensation of a foreign body: You can have eye pain.

Blurry vision: Temporary blurring of vision can occur, particularly when engaging in tasks that need sustained visual focus, such computer use or reading.

Increased sensitivity to light: Some people may have photophobia, which is an increased sensitivity to light.

Several factors can contribute to dry eye disease, including:

Ageing: As you get older, you tend to produce fewer tears.

Hormonal fluctuations: Tear production may be impacted by hormonal swings, such as those that happen after menopause.

Environmental factors: The symptoms of dry eyes might be made worse by windy or dry weather, smoke exposure, air conditioning, or heating.

Medical conditions: A number of illnesses, including diabetes, thyroid issues, rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune diseases, might raise the chance of developing dry eye.

Medication: A number of drugs, such as hormone replacement therapy, decongestants, antidepressants, and antihistamines, might decrease the production of tears.

The goals of treating dry eye illness are to enhance tear production and retention while also reducing symptoms. This could include:

Artificial tears: Ointments or drops that lubricate the eyes might help reduce irritation and dryness.

Prescription drugs: In more extreme situations, doctors may prescribe anti-inflammatory eye drops or drugs that stimulate the production of tears.

Tear conservation: By keeping tears from leaving the eyes too quickly, methods like punctual plugs—tiny silicone plugs put into tear ducts—may help preserve tears.

Lifestyle changes: Wearing wrap-around glasses outside, using a humidifier to add moisture to the air, and taking breaks during extended periods of visual focus (such as computer use) can all help reduce the symptoms of dry eyes.

For an accurate diagnosis and course of treatment, it's critical to speak with an eye care specialist if you're exhibiting signs of dry eye illness. They are able to identify the root cause of your dry eye issues and suggest suitable, individually-tailored treatments. Your overall eye health and comfort can be enhanced and complications can be avoided with early detection and treatment.

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